Study skills

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Study skills , academic skills , or learning strategies are the approaches applied to learning. They are generally important for success in school, considered important to get good grades, and are useful for learning throughout one's life.

Learning skills are a set of skills that handle the process of organizing and retrieving new information, retaining information, or dealing with judgments. They include mnemonics, which help the storage of information lists; effective reading; concentration techniques; and efficient notetaking.

Although often handed over to students and their support networks, learning skills are increasingly taught in secondary schools and at university level.

More broadly, any skill that enhances a person's ability to learn, store, and remember information that helps and pass the exam can be called a learning skill, and this may include management techniques and time motivation.

Learning skills are discrete techniques that can be learned, usually in a short period of time, and applied to all or most areas of study. They should therefore be distinguished from strategies specific to a particular field of study (eg music or technology), and from students' inherent abilities, such as aspects of intelligence or learning styles.

Video Study skills

Konteks historis

The term learning skills is used for a general approach to learning, the skills for a particular course of study. There are many theoretical works on the subject, including a large number of popular books and websites. Student manuals have been published since the 1940s.

In the 1950s and 1960s, college instructors in psychology and educational studies used research, theory, and experience with their own students in manual writing. Marvin Cohn based his advice on parents in his 1978 book, Helped Your Young Adults in his experience as a researcher and head of a university reading clinic teaching youth and young adults. In 1986, when Dr. Gary Gruber's Essential Guide to Take for Kids Tests was first published, the author has written 22 books on taking standardized tests. A work in two volumes, one for the elementary class and another for high school, Guides has methods for taking tests and completing schoolwork.

Maps Study skills

Type

Rote training and learning

Memorizing is the process of doing something to memory. The act of memorization is often a deliberate mental process done to store in memory to recall items such as experiences, names, appointments, addresses, phone numbers, lists, stories, poems, images, maps, diagrams, facts, music or visual information , hearing, or other tactical. Memorization can also refer to the process of storing certain data into device memory. One of the most basic approaches to learning any information is to repeat it with rote. Usually this includes reading notes or textbooks, and rewriting notes.

Read and listen

The downside with learning memorization is that it implies passive reading and listening styles. Educators like John Dewey argue that students need to learn to think critically - questioning and weighing evidence as they learn. This can be done during college or when reading a book.

A useful method during the first interaction with the research subject is the REAP Method . This method helps students to improve their understanding of the text and bridge ideas with the author's ideas. REAP is an acronym for R ead, E ncode, A nnotate and P .

1. Read : Read the section to differentiate ideas.
2. Encode : Cites ideas from the author's perspective to the students' own words.
3. Annotations : Annotations of sections with critical comprehension and other relevant notes.
4. Contemplating : To reflect on what they read through thinking, discussing with others and reading related material. Thus enabling the possibility of elaboration and fulfillment of the proximal development zone.

Annotating and Encoding helps students reprocess the content into concise and coherent knowledge that adds symbolic funding to meaningful knowledge. Precis descriptions, Organizing question annotations, deliberate annotations and annotations Probes are some of the annotation methods used.

The method used to focus on key information when learning from a book uncritically is the PQRST method . This method prioritizes information in a way that relates directly to how they will be asked to use that information in the exam. PQRST is an acronym for the P , Q uestion, R ead, S ummary, T est.

1. Preview: Students view topics to be studied by glancing at the main heading or dots in the syllabus.
2. Questions: Students formulate questions to answer after a thorough examination of the topic.
3. Read: Students read the related material, focusing on the information most closely related to the previously formulated question.
4. Summary: Students summarize the topic, bring their own understanding into the process. This may include written notes, spider diagrams, flow charts, labeled diagrams, mnemonics, or even sound recordings.
5. Test: The student answers a previously prepared question, avoiding adding any questions that might distract or change the subject.

There are various studies from various national universities that show peer communication can help improve better learning habits extraordinarily. One study showed that an average 73% increase in scores was recorded by those enrolled in the surveyed class.

Rapid readings, when trained, result in lower accuracy, understanding, and understanding.

Flash card training

Flashcards are visual cues on the card. It has many uses in teaching and learning, but can be used for revision. Students often create their own flashcards, or more detailed index cards - cards designed for archiving, often the size of A5, where a brief summary is written. Being separate and separate, they have the advantage of enabling students to rearrange them, choose the option to read, or pick at random for self-examination.

Keyword

The summary method varies depending on the topic, but most involves compacting a large amount of information from the course or book into shorter notes. Often, these notes are further summarized into key facts.

Organized summary: Like an outline that shows keywords and definitions and relationships, usually in a tree structure.

Spider diagram: Using spider diagrams or mind maps can be an effective way to connect shared concepts. They can be useful for planning essays and essay responses in the exam. These tools can provide a visual summary of a topic that maintains its logical structure, with lines used to show how different parts are connected.

Visual imagery

Some learners are considered to have a visual learning style, and will greatly benefit from taking information from their often very verbal studies, and using visual techniques to help encode and store them in memory.

Some memory techniques use visual memory, such as the locus method, the system visualizes the headline in a real physical location, for example around the room.

Diagrams are tools that are often underestimated. They can be used to bring all the information together and provide what reorganization practices have been learned to produce something practical and useful. They can also help remember information learned very quickly, especially if students create diagrams while studying information. The images can then be transferred to flashcards which are a very last minute revision tool that is very effective rather than reread any written material.

Acronyms and mnemonics

mnemonic is a method of organizing and memorizing information. Some use simple phrases or facts as triggers for longer lists of information. For example, the cardinal points of the compass can be recalled in the correct order with the phrase " N ever E in S split W hot ". Beginning with North , the first letter of each word corresponds to the compass point in a clockwise rotation of the compass.

Exam strategies

The Black-Red-Green method (developed through the Royal Sastra Fund) helps students to ensure that every aspect of the question posed has been considered, both in the exam and the essay. The student underscores the relevant part of the question using three separate colors (or several equivalents). BLA ck denotes ' BLA tant instruction', which is something that must be done; clear instructions or instructions. RE d is the RE Ference point or RE input of some kind, usually related to the definition, term, quoted author, theory, etc. (either explicitly called or very implied). GRE en indicates ml GRE , which is a fine signal that may be easily missed, or ' GRE EN Light' which gives instructions on how to proceed, or where to place emphasis in the answer [1]. Another popular method of learning is P.E.E; Point, prove and explain, why, it helps students solve exam questions that enable them to maximize their values ​​/values ​​during the exam. Many Schools will encourage practicing P.E. May be the method before the test.

Space

Space , also called lessons distributed by some; helps individuals remember at least as much more information for a longer time than using just one learning skill. Using spaces in addition to other learning methods can improve retention and performance on tests. Distance is very useful for storing and remembering new material. The distance theory is that instead of cramming all the learning into one long study session, an individual will divide that single session into several shorter sessions spaced several hours apart, if not days apart. Learning will not last longer than the original and one does not work harder but it gives the user the ability to remember and remember things for longer periods of time. The science behind this; according to Jost's Law of 1897 "If two associations have the same power but with different ages, the new repetition has a greater value for the elderly". This means that if one learns two things at a time, at different times, the most recent learned will be easier to remember.

Time management, organization and lifestyle changes

Often, improvements in the effectiveness of learning can be achieved through changes in matters that are not related to the research material itself, such as time management, increasing motivation and avoiding delays, and in improvements to sleep and diet.

Time management in learning sessions aims to ensure that activities that achieve the greatest benefits are given the greatest focus. The traffic light system is a simple way to identify the importance of information, highlighting or underlining information in colors:

• Green: topics to learn first; important and simple
• Amber: topics to be learned next; important but time consuming
• Red: lowest priority; complex and not vital.

It reminds students to start with the things that will provide the most immediate benefits, while the 'red' topic is only handled if time allows. The concept is similar to ABC analysis, commonly used by workers to help prioritize. Also, some websites (such as FlashNotes) can be used for additional learning materials and can help improve time management and increase motivation.

In addition to time management, sleep is important; getting enough rest improves the memorization. Students are generally more productive in the morning than in the afternoon.

In addition to time and sleep management, an emotional state of mind can be a problem when a student is studying. If an individual is calm or nervous in class; replicating those emotions can help in learning. By replicating one's emotions it is more likely to remember more information if they are in the same state of mind when in class. It also goes the other way; if someone is angry but usually quiet in the classroom, it is better to wait until they feel more calm to learn. At the time of the exam or class they will remember more.

Learning environment

Learning can also be more effective if a person changes his environment while learning. For example: the first time learning the material, one can study in the bedroom, the second time can learn outside, and the last time a person can learn in coffee shops. The thought behind this is that when an individual changes their environment, the brain connects different aspects of learning and provides a stronger grip and additional brain path that can be used to access information. In this context, the environment can mean many things; from location, sound, smell, other stimuli including food. When discussing the environment in terms of its impact on learning and retention Carey says "simple change in place increases the retrieval power (memory) by 40 percent." Other changes in the environment can be background music; if people learn by playing music and they can play the same music during exam time, they will remember more information they learned. According to Carey "background music weaving itself unconsciously into the fabric of stored memory." This "distraction" in the background helps create more vivid memories with the material being studied.

The completion of homework is usually irrelevant to academic achievement.

Analogy

Analogy can make mental models misleading or superficial in the learner.

Concept mapping

There is some support for the efficacy of concept mapping as a learning tool.

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See also

• Homework
• Learn
• Learning styles
• Read the day
• A quick reading
• SQ3R
• Study guide
• Study software
• Video learning guide

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References

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External links

• Improving Student Learning With Effective Learning Techniques: Promising Directions From Cognitive and Educational Psychology from the Association for Psychological Sciences
• The academic learning strategy video from Dartmouth College provides skills training
• Think You Know How to Learn? Think Again - audio report by NPR

Source of the article : Wikipedia