The pronoun pronoun , also called an explosive pronoun or pronoun pronunciation , is a pronoun used to meet syntactic requirements without giving a clear meaning.
The doll pronoun is used in many German, including German and English. Languages ​​that drop words like Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, and Turkish do not require an artificial pronoun.
Artificial pronouns are used when certain verb arguments (or prepositions) do not exist (nor can they be known, irrelevant, understood, or otherwise "should not be spoken directly") but when references to arguments (pronouns) syntactically. For example, in the phrase "It is obvious that violence will continue", it is an artificial pronoun, not referring to any agent. Unlike ordinary English pronouns, it can not be replaced by any noun phrase (except, rhetorically enabling, something like "state of affairs" or "fact of the matter".)
The pronoun pronoun refers to the function of the word in a particular sentence, not the property of the individual words. For example, it in the example from the previous paragraph is a pronoun, but it in the phrase "I bought a sandwich and ate it it " is a reference pronoun (referring to the sandwich).
Video Dummy pronoun
Artificial Subject
Weather it
In the phrase " it is in the rain -", the verb for rain is usually considered an impersonal semantic, although it appears to be syntactically intransitive; in this view, what is required is is is considered a stupid word.
Different views
However, there are several objections to this interpretation. Noam Chomsky argues that it is used as the subject of the British weather verb ("weather is ", so called because of its primary use in reference to weather) can control additional clauses, such as the subject "normal ". For example, compare:
- He brushed his teeth before bathing.
- -> He brushed his teeth before he showered.
- Sometimes it rains after snow.
- -> Sometimes it rains after the snow .
If this analysis is accepted, then "weather it " should be considered a "quasi- (verb) argument" and not a fool word.
Some linguists such as D. L. Bolinger go even further, claiming that "the weather" simply refers to the general state in the context of speech. In that case, the word would not be a stupid word at all. Possible evidence for this claim includes such exchanges:
- "Is it good yesterday?"
- "No, it's raining."
Raising the verb
Another example of the empty semantis it is found by increasing the verb in "unraised" peers. As an example:
- It seems like John likes coffee. (The corresponding sentence is "raised": John seems to love coffee. )
Extraposition
Dummy it can also be found in extraposition constructions in English, as follows:
- It is known by all classes [ that the boy failed his exam ] .
Maps Dummy pronoun
Dummy objects
In English, artificial pronouns tend to serve the ad hoc function, applying with little order than they do as a subject. Artificial objects are sometimes used to convert transitive verbs into transitive forms of transitive verbs; for example. , do -> do that , "to engage in sexual intercourse"; make -> make it , "to succeed"; get -> get , "to understand". Object (grammar) #Type object of surrogate object]] is similar; for example. , with it , "up to date"; get out of it , "daze" or "do not think". All of these phrases, of course, can also be understood literally. Example:
- He ordered a cheeseburger, and even though it took him a while to make it, , he got some french fries with him .
Predicate doll
It has been proposed that elements such as the absorbing oath exist in the existential sentence and pro in the reverse senon phrase act as the predicate dummy rather than the artificial subject, so the postverbal noun phrase will instead be subject attached to the sentence.
Gender
An artificial pronoun can be conventionally of a certain gender, although no gender nouns have to be approved.
See also
- Private verbs
- The subject language is nil
- Syntax of syntax
References
- Everaert, M. - van Riemsdijk, H - Goedemans, R. (eds) 2006 The Blackwell Companion to Syntax, Volumes IV, Blackwell, London: see "existential sentences and expletives there" in Volume II.
- Chomsky, Noam (1981) Teaches about Government and Binding. Dordrecht: Foris., Quoted at http://www.ling.helsinki.fi/sky/julkaisut/SKY2004/Alba-Salas.pdf.
- Bolinger, D. L. (1977). Meaning and form. English Series, 11. London: Longman.
- Graffi, G. 2001 200 Years of Syntax. Critical Survey, John Benjamins, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Moro, A. 1997 Raising predicate. Noun phrases predictive and structural clauses theory, Cambridge Studies in Linguistics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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