The mirror image (in a flat mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that looks almost the same, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. As an optical effect, it is produced from the reflection of substances such as mirrors or water. It is also a concept in geometry and can be used as a conceptualization process for 3-D structures.
Video Mirror image
In geometry and optical geometry
In two dimensions
In geometry, the mirror image of an object or two-dimensional image is a virtual image formed by reflection in a flat mirror; the size is the same as the original object, but different, unless the object or image has a reflection symmetry (also known as P-symmetry).
The two-dimensional mirror image can be seen on the reflection of the mirror or other reflecting surfaces, or on the surface of the mold visible outside. If we look at two-dimensional effective objects (such as writing) and then turning them towards the mirror, the objects change through the 180º angle and we see the left-right reversal in the mirror. In this example, it is a change of orientation rather than the mirror itself which causes the observed reversal. Another example is when we stand with our backs to the mirror and face the object in front of the mirror. Then we compare the object with its reflection by turning 180 degrees into the mirror. Again we see a left-right reversal because of the orientation change. So, in these examples the mirror did not really cause the observed reversal.
In three dimensions
The concept of reflection can be extended to a three-dimensional object, including the inside, even if not transparent. This term then relates to both structural and visual aspects. The three-dimensional object is inverted in a direction perpendicular to the mirror surface. In physics, mirror images are investigated in a subject called optical geometry.
In chemistry, two versions (isomers) of a molecule, one "mirror image" of the other, are called enantiomers if they are not "superposable" (the correct technical term, though the term "superimposable" is also used) on every other. That is an example of chirality (chemistry). In general, the object and its mirror image are called enantiomorphs.
If the object point has the coordinates ( x , y , z ) then the image of this point (as reflected by the mirror in y , z plane) has coordinates (- x , y , z ). So the reflection is the reversal of the coordinate axis perpendicular (normal) to the mirror surface. Although a flat mirror reverses the object only toward the normal surface of the mirror, there is usually a perception of left-right reversal. Therefore, the inversion is called "lateral inversion". The perception of left-right reversal may be due to the left and right of an object defined by the top and the perceived front, but there is still debate about the explanation among psychologists. The psychology of the perceived left-right reversal is discussed in "Much ado about mirrors" by Professor Michael Corballis (see "external links", below).
Reflection in the mirror does not results in a change in terms of chirality, more specifically from the right hand to the left-handed coordinate system (or vice versa). As a result, if one looks at the mirror and let the two axes (top-down and front-rear) coincide with the one in the mirror, then this gives the third axis (left-right) reversal.
If a person stands side by side with a mirror, the left and right will be inverted directly by the mirror, since the person's right axis is then normal to the mirror field. However, it is important to understand that there is always only two enantiomorphs, objects and their image. Therefore, no matter how the object is oriented to the mirror, all the resulting images are essentially identical (as Professor Corballis explains in his paper "Much ado about mirrors", mentioned above).
In the reflected mountain image in the lake (right top photo), the normal reversal to the reflecting surface is obvious. Note that there is no front-back or left-right mountain clear. In the urn and mirror example (photo to right), the urn is a fairly symmetrical (and left-right) front. Thus, there is no clear reversal in any form that can be seen in the mirror image of the jar.
The mirror image looks more clearly three dimensional if the observer moves, or if the image is seen using binocular vision. This is because the relative position of the object changes when the observer's perspective changes, or is differently seen with each eye.
Looking through the mirror from different positions (but must with observation points limited to half the space on one side of the mirror) like viewing a 3D mirror image space; without further mirror only a mirror image of half the space before the mirror is relevant; if there is another mirror, mirror image of the other half room as well.
Mirror effect on scene lighting
The mirror not only produces what images will be there without it; it also alters the distribution of light in the interior space in front of and behind the mirror. A mirror hanging on the wall makes the room brighter because additional light sources appear in the mirror image. However, the appearance of additional light does not violate the principle of energy conservation, as some light no longer reaches behind the mirror, since the mirror only redirects the light energy. In terms of the distribution of light, the virtual mirror image has the same appearance and same effect as the real and symmetrical part-time space behind the window (not the mirror). Shadows can extend from the mirror to the space half before, and vice versa.
Maps Mirror image
Mirror writing
In the mirror writing a text deliberately displayed in the mirror image, in order to be read through a mirror. For example, emergency vehicles such as ambulances or fire engines use mirror images to be read from the driver's rearview mirror. Some theaters also make use of mirror writing in the Rear Window Imaging System used to help people with hearing impaired watching a movie.
Mirror system
In the case of two mirrors, on the plane at an angle ?, Looking through both of the sectors which are the intersections of the two part spaces, such as seeing a world version rotated with angle 2? the observation points and the searching direction that this applies to them to look through the frame like the first mirror, and the frame in the mirror image with respect to the first plane, from the second mirror. If the mirror has a vertical edge then the left edge of the field of view is the plane through the right edge of the first mirror and the second mirror edge which is on the right when looking directly, but on the left in the mirror image.
In the case of two parallel mirrors, looking through them is the same as seeing a world version translated by a double distance between the mirrors, in a direction perpendicular to them, away from the observer. Because the area of ​​the mirror in which a person sees is directly outside the other mirror, one always sees an oblique angle, and the mentioned translation has not only one component of the observer, but also one in the upright direction. A translated view can also be explained by the observer's translation in the opposite direction. For example, with a vertical periscope, the world shifts away from the observer and downward, either by periscope length, but it is more practical to consider an equivalent observer shift: upwards, and backward.
It is also possible to create a non-reversing mirror by placing the first two mirror surfaces at 90º to provide an inverted image.
See also
- Anamorphosis
- Khiritas, an important asymmetry property in some branches of science
- The image is reversed
- The image failed
- Handedness
- Unlimited mirror
- Kaleidoscope
- Mirror plane
- Reflection (physics)
- The relative direction
References
External links
- Why does the mirror reverse the image from left to right? Why not go up and down?
- The same question is described slightly differently, with the example
- Why do mirrors bounce horizontally (but not vertically)?
- "A lot about the mirror" (academic paper on psychology involved in the perception of a mirror image)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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