The word lexeme ( ) is an existing unit of lexical meaning regardless of the number of ends the infeks may have or the number of words may contain. This is the basic unit of meaning, and the basic word of the dictionary is all leksem. Technically, leksem is an abstract unit of morphological analysis in linguistics, which roughly corresponds to a set of forms taken by a single word. For example, in English, run , running , running and running are the same leksem form, which we can represents as RUN . The related concept is the lemma (or citation form), which is a special form of lexem chosen by the convention to represent the canonical form of the lexeme. Lemma, being part of the lexeme, is also used in dictionaries as a base word, and other lexemic forms are often listed later in entries if they are not the general conjugation of the word.
Leksem belongs to a certain syntactic category, has a particular meaning (semantic value), and in inflecting language, has an appropriate inflexional paradigm; ie leksem in many languages ​​will have many different forms. For example, lexem RUN has a single third person form attending running , a third non-third person form attending run (which also serves as a past participle and non-finite forms), previous forms ran , and present participle running . (This does not include runners, runners, runnables, etc.) The use of lexem forms is governed by grammar rules; in the case of an English verb like RUN , it includes a verb-subject agreement and a multiple strain rule, which determines which verb form can be used in a given sentence.
The lexicon consists of lexemes. Leksem consists of a morpheme.
In many formal theories of language, leksem has a subcategory framework to take into account the number and types of auxiliaries. They occur in sentences and other syntactic structures.
The idea of ​​lexem is very important for morphology, and thus, many other definitions can be defined in that regard. For example, the difference between inflection and derivation can be expressed in terms of lexem:
- The inflexional rules connect the lexeme to its shape.
- Derivational rules connect leksem with other leksem.
Video Lexeme
Decomposition
Language lexics often consist of smaller units with an individual meaning called morpheme, according to the derivational morpheme of the derivational root morpheme (not necessarily in this order), where:
- The root morphem is the main lexical unit of a word, which brings the most significant aspect of the semantic content and can not be reduced to a smaller constituency.
- Derivational morphemes carry only derivative information.
- Suffixes consist of all inflexional morphemes, and carry only inflexional information.
Morphemic root compound derivational morphemes are often called stems. Decomposition of desinence stem can be used to study inflection.
Maps Lexeme
See also
- Ending (linguistics)
- Inflection
- Lexical vs. verbs grammatical word
- Bookmarks (linguistics)
- Multi-word expression
- Zero Morphem
- Root (linguistics)
- Trunks
Notes and references
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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